61.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the
way
to go since well-developed skills, all
other factors being equal, can be the
difference between having a job and not.
[参考译文]
但是，对一个小部分学生来说，职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在 其他
因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。
62. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry
technique to clone humans, he ordered
that federal funds not be used for such
an experiment-although no one had
proposed to do so--and asked an independent
panel of experts chaired by Princeton
President Harold Shapiro to report back
to the White House in 90 days with
recommendations for a national policy on
human cloning.
[参考译文]
他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令 ．
不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验--尽管还没有人建议这么做--他 还请一个以普林斯顿
大学校长哈罗得·夏皮罗为首的独立的专家组在90 天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人
的国家政策的建议。
63. In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May
meeting, Shapiro suggested that the
panel had found a broad consensus that it
would be "morally unacceptable to
attempt to create a human child by adult
nuclear cloning". 参考译文]
在5月17日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中，
夏皮罗提出， 专家组已经达成广泛共识，那就是"试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼
儿的 做法在道德上是不可接受的"。
64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds
to
create embryos (the earliest stage of
human offspring before birth) for
research or to knowingly endanger an
embryo's life, NBAC will remain silent on
embryo research.
[参考译文]
因为现今的联邦法律已经禁止使用联邦基金克隆胚胎(人类后裔在出生 前的
最早阶段)用于研究或者有意地威胁胚胎的生命，NBAC在胚胎研 究上将保持沉默。
65. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as
faithfully as the reports in the
science journals indicate, then it is
perfectly logical for management to
expect research to produce results
measurable in dollars and cents.
[参考译文]
如果试验是像科学杂志上的报告所示的那样如实地根据计划规划和实施的话
，那么对管理层来说，期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的。
66. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists
who
know exactly where they are going and
how they will get there should not be
distracted by the necessity of keeping
one eye on the cash register while the
other eye is on the microscope.
[参考译文]
审查者完全有理由相信，知道自己准备做什么、怎么做的科学家不应该因为
必须一只眼盯着收银机，一只眼盯着显微镜而分散了注意力。
67. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as
desirable
to the scientist as the writing of his
papers would appear to reflect, is
management to be blamed for
discriminating against the "odd balls" among
researchers in favor of more
conventional thinkers who "work well with the
team."
[参考译文]
如果科学家对标准式样的整齐划一的要求就像他论文的写作所反映的一 样
，那么管理层就不该因歧视研究者中的"思维与众不同的人"，喜欢其 中较为传统的"善于
团队合作"的思想者而受到指责了。
68. The grand mediocrity of today--everyone being the same in survival
and
number of off- spring--means that
natural selection has lost 80% of its power
in upper-middle-class India compared
to the tribe.
[参考译文]
当今人与人在很大程度上的平等--即面对自然淘汰法则人人机会均等，并且
连子嗣的数目都一样--意味着和在印度土著部落中的情况相比， 印度中上层阶级中已丧
失了80％的自然选择中的优势。
69. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is
advisable to
find out what its advocates are aiming
at, for, however farfetched and
unreasonable their principles may seem
today, it is possible that in years to
come they may be regarded as normal.
[参考译文]
当艺术领域的一个新运动发展成某种流行时尚时，最好应该弄清这场运动倡
导者的真正意图，因为，不管他们的原则在今天看来多么牵强无理，很可能多年以后他们
的理论会被视为正常。
70. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather
difficult,
for whatever Futurist poetry may be
even admitting that the theory on which it
is based may be right--it can hardly
be classed as Literature.
[参考译文]
然而就未来主义诗歌来说，情况则不这么简单了，因为不管未来主义诗歌是
什么--就算承认它赖以存在的理论基础都是正确的--这种形式也很难被归入文学。
71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a
certain line describes a fight between
a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a
bridge off which they both fall into
the river--and then to find that the line
consists of the noise of their falling
and the weights of the officers,
"Pluff! Pluff!" A hundred
and eighty-five kilograms."
[参考译文]
但当我们先是从注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个土耳其军官和一个保 加利亚
军官在桥上动手打架并双双掉进河里，而后却发现该行诗中不过只充斥着"扑通，扑通，1
85公斤重"这类对他们落水时的动静以及对军官们体重的描写时，我们不免感到困惑不安
。
72. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women
into
the male- domiated job market have
limited the opportunities of teen-agers who
are already questioning the heavy
personal sacrifices involved in climbing
Janpan's rigid social ladder to good
schools and jobs.
[参考译文]
战后婴儿潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主导的劳动力市场使得青少年
的发展机会变得极为有限，他们已经在不停地质疑为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体
面工作的严酷的社会阶梯而做出的巨大的个人 牺牲。
73. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised
eyebrows when he argued that liberal
reforms introduced by the American
occupation authorities after World
WarII had weakened the "Japanese morality
of respect for parents".
[参考译文]
去年，当担任教育部长职务的濑户光夫争辩说二战后由美国占领当局引入的
自由主义革新削弱了日本民族"尊敬父母的道德品质"的时候，舆论哗然。
74. With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of
Japan's 119 million citizens live in
cities where community and the extended
family have been abandoned in favor of
isolated, tow-generation households.
[参考译文]
随着经济的增长，出现了集中化：全国1．19亿公民，其中整整76％的人口
定居城市：在这里，原来的社区和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒弃，取而代之的是与外界疏于
往来的、只由两代人组成的核心家庭。
75. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely
shared; and it especially must be
highly regarded by people who are themselves
admired, the educated not least a-mong
them.
[参考译文]
如果野心的传统具有生命力，那么这传统必会为许多人分享；尤其会受到自
己也受人仰慕的人士的青睐，在这些人中受过良好教育的可不占少数。
76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its
signs
now than formerly. Summer homes,
European travel, BMWs--the locations, place
names and name brands may change, but
such items do not seem less in demand
today than a decade or two years ago.
[参考译文]
当然，人们现在对成功及其各种标志的兴趣似乎并不亚于先前。消夏 别墅
、欧陆旅行、宝马车--地点、地名以及品牌或许会有变化，但这类事物在今天被人渴求的
程度也似乎不会亚于一二十年前。
77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now
more
than ever seem in ample supply: the
critic of American materialism with a
Southampton summer home; the publisher
of radical books who takes his meals in
three-star restaurants; the journalist
advocating participatory democracy in
all phases of life, whose own children
are enrolled in private schools.
[参考译文]
相反，我们被款待看到这样一些虚伪的壮观景象，他们似乎比以前的任何时
候都更供应充足：美国式物质主义的批判者却拥有位于南安普顿的避暑山庄：激进书籍的
出版商却在三星级餐厅享用一日三餐；倡导在人生各个阶段的参与民主制的记者，他的子
女却就读于私立学校。
78. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and
amateurs
in science: exceptions can be found to
any rule. Nevertheless, the word
"amateur" does carry a
connotation that person concerned is not fully
integrated into the scientific
community and, in particular, may not share its
values.
[参考译文]
科学领域的专业人员和业余爱好者之间划不出泾渭分明的界线：因为任何规
则都有例外。然而，"业余"一词的确意味着相关人员不能充分融入职业科学界，尤其未能
分享科学圈子的价值。
79. The trend
was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based
especially on a mathematical or
laboratory training, and can be illustrated in
terms of the development of geology in
the United kingdom.
[参考译文]
很自然，这种趋势会在尤以数学或实验室训练为基础的自然学科领域表现最
为明显，并且可以英国的地质学发展作例证来说明。
80. A comparison of British geological publications over the last
century
and a half reveals not simply an
increasing emphasis on the primacy of
research, but also a changing
definition of what constitutes an acceptable
research paper.
[参考译文]
将过去一个半世纪英国地质学领域的出版物做一下比较，(我们)就会发现不
仅对科研的主导地位的强调不断攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研论文所包含的内容的定义也
有所变化。
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