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TheEnvironment—AGlobalChallenge
环境问题——全球面临的挑战
Haveyoueverseenbaldstumpsflankedonsidesofhighroads, plasticbagsflappinginthewind, orblacksmokeejectingfromfactorychimneys? Doyouthinkofanimalsthatareontheverge (brim) ofextinction? Butwhat'sthecauseofallthesephenomena?
你是否看见过公路两旁光秃秃的树桩、风中飘动的塑料袋、工厂的烟囱中喷出的黑烟?你是否想到过濒临灭绝的动物?那么这一切是由什么引起的呢?
Asiswellknown, withthedevelopmentofmodernindustryandtransportation, therearemoreandmorekindsofharmfulsubstancesdischargedconsecutivelytoatmosphere. Chemicalreactionsamongthosesubstancesfoultheairqualityofcitiestobeevenworse, whichincurthegreatqualitativechangeofatmosphericconstituents. Nearlyeverymetropolitaninhabitantisexposedtotheairpollution.
众所周知，随着现代工业和交通运输的发展，向大气中排放有害物质的种类越来越多。污染物质之间的相互化学反应使城市的空气质量更加恶劣，并引起大气成分急剧地发生着质的变化。在大都市生活的人几乎都在遭受着空气污染的危害。
ItisnotablethatChinahasbecomeoneofthemostseriousairpollutedcountriesintheworld. Thecoverageofairpollutedcitiesexpandsgradually. AnauthoritativecensusoftheUnitedNationsmanifestedthatabout 400,000 casualtieswereincurredbyannualairpollutionintheyear 2000. Nowadays, intheaggregatethereare 30 mostseriousairpollutedcitiesintheworld (inclusiveof 16 citiesinChina).
值得注意的是，我国已成为世界上大气污染最严重的国家之一，污染城市范围不断扩大。2000年，联合国的一份权威报告指出，每年因为空气污染而导致40万人死亡。如今，世界上30个空气污染最严重的城市中，有16个都在中国。
Automobiledrainageisamajorcauseofairpollution, whosemostseriousdamageisthatitgeneratesphotochemicalsmogwhichcancausethedeathofvegetation, prunecropyield, reduceatmospherevisibilityandevenprecludethetraffic.
汽车尾气可谓是大气污染的“元凶”之一。汽车尾气最主要的危害是形成光化学烟雾。光化学烟雾能使草木枯死，农作物大量减产；降低大气的能见度，妨碍交通。
Airpollutionmightdestroytheozonelayer, whichwillblockofftheultravioletrays. TheholeintheozonelayerwillleadtocreaturesontheEarthbeexposedtoradioactivematerials. Furthermore, otherconsequencesofairpollutionbecomesmoreandmoreserious. Forexample, theloweratmospherevisibility, morerapidlydegeneratedforests, snowstormsandsoon.
臭氧层可以阻挡紫外线，但大气污染会破坏臭氧层。没有了这个屏障，地球上的生物将受到放射线的威胁。而且，大气污染还带来其他的危害，后果越来越严重，比如大气能见度低、森林迅速退化和暴风雪灾害等。
Inaddition, environmentalproblemvaries. Penguins, wholiveinpolarregion, mightsufferfromgreenhouseeffect! Droughtandhurricanemightbecausedbyecologicaldamage.
另外，现在的环境问题呈现多样性。极地地区的企鹅可能会受到温室效应的危害!干旱和飓风也可能是由生态破坏引起的!
Ingeneral, preventingtheenvironmentfrombeingpollutedisnotonlytheliabilityofrelateddepartmentsbutalsothecompulsoryliabilityofuswithoutanypretextatall. Weshouldmakealong-termviewandadopttheoptimum, effectiveyeteconomicalsalvation, dedicatingourselvestoforestationandpurifyingtheair. Letusholdourhandstogetherandcherishourinvaluableenvironment.
总而言之，保护环境不仅是有关部门的职责，也是我们每个人不可推卸的责任。我们应该把目光放得更远一些，采取最佳有效而且经济的措施，投身于绿化造林，净化空气的行列中。让我们携起手共同保护我们珍贵的环境。
Ifwesoberlythinkaboutthereciprocalrelationbetweenhumanbeingsandtheenvironment, wewoulddiscoverhowabsurdofmentounderminetheenvironmentdespiteconsequences! Ifwecontinuetogiveafreehandtoenvironmentalproblemswithoutanyintervention, humanhealthwouldbeunderthemenaceofenvironmentalpollution. Weshouldprotectourenvironmentwithourhandyability, heightentheconsciousnessofenvironmentalprotectionandseekapracticablewaytoprecludedisruptingecology. Forexample, notthrowingcigarettefoilsonmeadoworbeaches; plantingatreeeveryyear; recyclingfoamsandindustrialscraps. Weshouldalsoseekforasuitableclearancesmethodonourhouseholdwastesuchasjunksorlittersinourhome. Wehopethatfishwouldreturnintobrooks, forestswouldagaincoverthemountainsandhighlands, andpeopleallovertheworldwouldliveinacleanenvironmentinthefuture.
如果冷静地思考人类和环境之间的相互关系，我们会发现人类为了眼前利益不顾一切地破坏环境是多么的可笑!如果不加干涉地发展下去，人为造成的环境破坏将危及人民的健康。我们应该用自己力所能及的行动保护环境，必须加强环保意识，寻求一种可行的方式防止生态遭受破坏......例如不要在草地或海边乱扔烟头、每年植一棵树、循环利用泡沫材料和工业废料等等。我们还应该寻求一种更好的办法来清理家中产生的废旧杂物和垃圾。我们盼望鱼儿重新回到河中，高山丘陵布满森林，全世界人民生活在清洁的环境中。