为何没什么魅力的人却能挣得更多

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      Chances are you've heard about a science-backed theory known as "the beauty premium1," which posits2 that people who are conventionally attractive get more jobs, earn more money, and are generally viewed as more trustworthy, competent, and intelligent than those who are less attractive.

      你可能听说过这样一个有科学支撑的理论，即"美貌津贴"。该理论认为与没什么魅力的人相比，那些具有传统魅力的人可以获得更多的工作机会、赚更多的钱、且通常被认为更值得信赖、更有能力、也更聪明。

      But a new study published in the Journal of Business and Psychology3 has found that there's more to the beauty premium than meets the eye.

      但发表在《商业和心理学杂志》（Journal of Business and Psychology）上的一项新研究发现：颜值并不是最重要的。

      Researchers Satoshi Kanazawa from the London School of Economics and Political Science and Mary Still from the University of Massachusetts looked at data from a study of 20,000 Americans who were rated on attractiveness at age 16, and then four more times over the course of 13 years.

      来自伦敦政治经济学院的研究员Satoshi Kanazawa和来自马萨诸塞大学的研究员玛丽·斯蒂尔从一项对2万名美国人的研究中获得的数据进行了研究，这些人在他们16岁的时候被评估了吸引力，之后的13年也对他们的吸引力评估了4次。

      What the results found was that "very unattractive respondents always earned significantly more than unattractive respondents, sometimes more than average-looking or attractive respondents."

      研究结果发现"非常没有魅力的受访者总是比没有魅力的受访者赚得更多，有时候比长相一般或者有魅力的受访者还要赚得多。"

      These findings, therefore, implied that there is "very weak evidence for the beauty premium, and it disappeared completely once individual differences, such as health, intelligence, and Big Five personality factors, were statistically4 controlled."

      因此这些研究结果表明，"美貌津贴的支持理论非常薄弱，一旦个人差异（如健康、智慧和五大性格因素）得到统计控制，美貌津贴将不复存在。"

      Not that this means there aren't perks5 to being conventionally attractive. If anything, it indicates that people who are better-looking cultivate more of the personality traits that would make them desirable for a role.

      但这并不意味着具有传统魅力不会带来福利。如果有的话，这表明长得更好看的人品性也更好，这会让他们更合适某一角色。

      "It appears that more beautiful workers earn more, not because they are beautiful, but because they are healthier, more intelligent, and have better (more Conscientious6 and Extraverted, and less Neurotic) personality," the study says.

      "好像更美的员工工资更高、这不是因为他们长得好看，而是因为他们更健康、更聪慧、且拥有更佳的品性（更认真和外向，没那么神经质），"研究表示。

      The study noted7 that the "very unattractive" sample size was small, and didn't really explain why people in that category would earn the most.

      研究指出"非常没有魅力"的样本人数很少，并没有真正解释为什么属于这一类的人群可能收入最高。

      However, Alex Fradera, a staff writer at The British Psychological study, proposed a theory: "Some of the very unattractive scored especially low on Openness, and were perhaps highly devoted8 to a specific topic area, pursuing it obsessively9 to the exclusion10 of all distractions11 and eventually entering the forefront of their field."

      然而，The British Psychological study的特约撰稿人Alex Fradera提出了一个理论："一些极其没有魅力的人在开放性格上得分很低，但在某一主题领域却得分超高，因为他们会专注追求、排除一切干扰因素，最终跻身领域的前沿。"

      11级    双语 

      单词标签: premium  posits  psychology  statistically  perks  conscientious  noted  devoted  obsessively  exclusion  distractions 

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      1premium [ˈpri:miəm]   第7级

      n.加付款；赠品；adj.高级的；售价高的

      参考例句：

•       You have to pay a premium for express delivery. 寄快递你得付额外费用。
•       Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated. 在水库被污染之后，清水便因稀而贵了。

      2posits [ˈpɔzɪts]   第12级

      v.假定，设想，假设( posit的第三人称单数 )

      参考例句：

•       If a book is hard going, it ought to be good. If it posits a complex moral situation, it ought to be even better. 如果一本书很难读，那么它应该是一本好书；如果它提出了一个复杂的道德状况，那么它就更应该是本好书了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
•       Ray posits that this miracle is an object lesson for the disciples. 雷把这个奇事当作教训信徒们的事件。 来自互联网

      3psychology [saɪˈkɒlədʒi]   第7级

      n.心理，心理学，心理状态

      参考例句：

•       She has a background in child psychology. 她受过儿童心理学的教育。
•       He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge. 他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。

      4statistically [stə'tistikəli]   第7级

      ad.根据统计数据来看，从统计学的观点来看

      参考例句：

•       The sample of building permits is larger and therefore, statistically satisfying. 建筑许可数的样本比较大，所以统计数据更令人满意。
•       The results of each test would have to be statistically independent. 每次试验的结果在统计上必须是独立的。

      5perks [pɜ:ks]   第9级

      额外津贴，附带福利，外快( perk的名词复数 )

      参考例句：

•       Perks offered by the firm include a car and free health insurance. 公司给予的额外待遇包括一辆汽车和免费健康保险。
•       Are there any perks that go with your job? 你的工作有什么津贴吗？

      6conscientious [ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs]   第7级

      adj.审慎正直的，认真的，本着良心的

      参考例句：

•       He is a conscientious man and knows his job. 他很认真负责，也很懂行。
•       He is very conscientious in the performance of his duties. 他非常认真地履行职责。

      7noted [ˈnəʊtɪd]   第8级

      adj.著名的，知名的

      参考例句：

•       The local hotel is noted for its good table. 当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
•       Jim is noted for arriving late for work. 吉姆上班迟到出了名。

      8devoted [dɪˈvəʊtɪd]   第8级

      adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的

      参考例句：

•       He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland. 他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
•       We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic. 我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。

      9obsessively [əb'sesɪvlɪ]   第8级

      ad.着迷般地，过分地

      参考例句：

•       Peter was obsessively jealous and his behaviour was driving his wife away. 彼得过分嫉妒的举止令他的妻子想离他而去。
•       He's rude to his friends and obsessively jealous. 他对他的朋友很无礼而且嫉妒心重。

      10exclusion [ɪkˈsklu:ʒn]   第8级

      n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行

      参考例句：

•       Don't revise a few topics to the exclusion of all others. 不要修改少数论题以致排除所有其他的。
•       He plays golf to the exclusion of all other sports. 他专打高尔夫球，其他运动一概不参加。

      11distractions [dɪˈstrækʃənz]   第8级

      n.使人分心的事[人]( distraction的名词复数 )；娱乐，消遣；心烦意乱；精神错乱

      参考例句：

•       I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions. 我发觉在家里工作很难，因为使人分心的事太多。
•       There are too many distractions here to work properly. 这里叫人分心的事太多，使人无法好好工作。 来自《简明英汉词典》