PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25 MIN]

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements, eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA, B, CandD. Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.

MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.

TEXTA

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000 yearsago. Now, twitter, instantmessaging, e-mail, blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions: persuadingorinspiring, informing, payingtribute, entertaining, orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear, thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview. WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009, persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions. Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'shearts. Duringwars, generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus. Theinformationmustbeclear, accurate, andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway. WhentheH1N1 pandemic（流行病）wasannounced, theideaof“swineflu”（猪流感）scaredmanypeople. InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting. Madonna'sspeechaboutMichaelJackson, afterhisdeath, highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

It'snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole. Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

Ifyou'retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument. Insports, athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲话）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates. Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

Onamorepersonallevel, afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting. Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding, whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rebornwith. EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech. Forabrilliantspeech, therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse. Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

81. Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause
　　A. ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.
　　B. ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness.
　　 C. itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication.
　　 D. itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext.

82. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?
　　 A. Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems.
　　B. Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics.
　　C. Themoraleofsoldiersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers'speeches.
　　D. Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.

83. PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT
　　A. toconvincepeopleinadebate.
　　B. toinformpeopleatapresentation.
　　C. toadvisepeopleatwork.
　　D. toentertainpeopleatawedding.

84. Accordingtothepassage, whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor'sviewon“greatspeakingability”?
　　A. Itcomesfromobservingrules.
　　B. Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort.
　　C. Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.
　　D. Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.
85. Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
　　A. Publicspeakingininternationalforums.
　　B. Themanyusesofpublicspeaking.
　　C. Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.
　　D. Therulesofpublicspeaking.