Livingwithparentsedgesoutotherlivingarrangementsfor 18- to 34-year-olds
A)Broaddemographic (人口的）shiftsinmaritalstatus, educationalattainmentandemploymenthavetransformedthewayyoungadultsintheU. S. areliving, andanewPewResearchCenteranalysishighlightstheimplicationsofthesechangesforthemostbasicelementoftheirlives -- wheretheycallhome. In 2014, forthefirsttimeinmorethan 130 years, adultsages 18 to 34 wereslightlymorelikelytobelivingintheirparents'homethantheyweretobelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold.
B)ThisturnofeventsisfueledprimarilybythedramaticdropintheshareofyoungAmericanswhoarechoosingtosettledownromanticallybeforeage 35. Datingbackto 1880, themostcommonlivingarrangementamongyoungadultshasbeenlivingwitharomanticpartner, whetheraspouseorasignificantother. ThistypeofarrangementpeakedaroundI960, when 62% ofthenation's 18- to 34-year-oldswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold, andonlyone-in-fivewerelivingwiththeirparents.
C)By 2014, 31.6% ofyoungadultswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold, belowthesharelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s) (32.1%). Some 14% ofyoungadultslivedalone, wereasingleparentorlivedwithoneormoreroommates. Theremaining 22% livedinthehomeofanotherfamilymember (suchasagrandparent, in-laworsibling), anon-relative, oringroupquarterslikecollegedormitories.
D)It'sworthnotingthattheoverallshareofyoungadultslivingwiththeirparentswasnotatarecordhighin 2014. Thisarrangementpeakedaround 1940, whenabout 35% ofthenation's 18- to 34-year- oldslivedwithmomand/ordad (comparedwith 32% in 2014). Whathaschanged, instead, istherelativeshareadoptingdifferentwaysoflivinginearlyadulthood, withthedeclineofromanticcouplingpushinglivingathometothetopofamuchlessuniformlistoflivingarrangements.
E)Amongyoungadults, livingarrangementsdiffersignificantlybygender. Formenaged 18 to 34, livingathomewithmomand/ordadhasbeenthedominantlivingarrangementsince 2009. In 2014, 28% ofyoungmenwerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhome, while 35% werelivinginthehomeoftheirparent (s). Youngwomen, however, arestillmorelikelytobelivingwithaspouseorromanticpartner (35%) thantheyaretobelivingwiththeirparent(s) (29%).
F)In 2014, moreyoungwomen (16%) thanyoungmen (13%) wereheadingupahouseholdwithoutaspouseorpartner. Thisismainlybecausewomenaremorelikelythanmentobesingleparentslivingwiththeirchildren. Fortheirpart, youngmen (25%) aremorelikelythanyoungwomen (19%) tobelivinginthehomeofanotherfamilymember, anon-relativeorinsometypeofgroupquarters.
G)Avarietyoffactorscontributetothelong-runincreaseintheshareofyoungadultslivingwiththeirIparents. Thefirstisthepostponementof, ifnotretreatfrom, marriage. Theaverageageoffirstmarriagehasrisensteadilyfordecades. Inaddition, agrowingshareofyoungadultsmaybeavoidingmarriagealtogether. ApreviousPewResearchCenteranalysisprojectedthatasmanyasone-in-fouroftoday'syoungadultsmaynevermarry. Whilecohabitation (同居）hasbeenontherise, theoverall ! shareofyoungadultseithermarriedorlivingwithanunmarriedpartnerhassubstantiallyfallensince 1990.
H)Inaddition, trendsinbothemploymentstatusandwageshavelikelycontributedtothegrowingshareofyoungadultswhoarelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s), andthisisespeciallytrueofyoungmen. Employedyoungmenaremuchlesslikelytoliveathomethanyoungmenwithoutajob, andemploymentamongyoungmenhasfallensignificantlyinrecentdecades. Theshareofyoungmenwithjobspeakedaround 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18- to 34-year-oldmenwereemployed. Similarlywithearnings, youngmen'swages (afteradjustingforinflation) havebeenonadownwardtrajectory (轨迹）since 1970 andfellsignificantlyfrom 2000 to 2010. Aswageshavefallen, theshareofyoungmenlivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s) hasrisen.
I).Economicfactorsseemtoexplainlessofwhyyoungadultwomenareincreasinglylikelytoliveathome. Generally, youngwomenhavehadgrowingsuccessinthepaidlabormarketsince 1960 andhencemightincreasinglybeexpectedtobeabletoaffordtoliveindependentlyoftheirparents. Forwomen, delayedmarriage-whichisrelated, inpart, tolabormarketoutcomesformen-mayexplainmoreoftheincreaseintheirlivinginthefamilyhome.
J) TheGreatRecession (andmodestrecovery) hasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinyoungadultslivingathome. Initiallyinthewakeoftherecession, collegeenrollmentsexpanded, boostingtheranksofyoungadultslivingathome. Andgiventheweakjobopportunitiesfacingyoungadults, livingathomewaspartoftheprivatesafetynethelpingyoungadultstoweathertheeconomicstorm.
K) Beyondgender, youngadults, livingarrangementsdifferconsiderablybyeducation—whichistiedtofinancialmeans. Foryoungadultswithoutabachelor'sdegree, asof 2008 livingathomewiththeirparentswasmoreprevalentthanlivingwitharomanticpartner. By 2014, 36% of 18- to 34-year-oldswhohadnotcompletedabachelor'sdegreewerelivingwiththeirparent(s) while 27% werelivingwithaspouseorpartner. Amongcollegegraduates, in 2014 46% weremarriedorlivingwithapartner, andonly 19% werelivingwiththeirparents(s). Youngadultswithacollegedegreehavefaredmuchbetterinthelabormarketthantheirless-educatedcounterparts, whichhasinturnmadeiteasiertoestablishtheirownhouseholds.
36.Unemployedyoungmenaremorelikelytolivewiththeirparentsthantheemployed.
37.In 2014, thepercentageofmenaged 18 to 34 livingwiththeirparentswasgreaterthanthatoftheirfemalecounterparts.
38.Thepercentageofyoungpeoplewhoaremarriedorlivewithapartnerhasgreatlydecreasedinthepastthreedecadesorso.
39.Aroundthemid-20thcentury, only 20 percentof 18- to 34-year-oldslivedintheirparents'home.
40.Youngadultswithacollegedegreefounditeasiertoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.
41.Youngmenarelesslikelytoendupassingleparentsthanyoungwomen.
42.Moreyoungadultwomenlivewiththeirparentsthanbeforeduetodelayedmarriage.
43.Thepercentageofyoungmenwholivewiththeirparentshasgrownduetotheirdecreasedpayinrecentdecades.
44.Theriseinthenumberofcollegestudentsmademoreyoungadultslivewiththeirparents.
45.Onereasonforyoungadultstolivewiththeirparentsisthattheygetmarriedlateorstaysinglealltheirlives.