英语沙龙:Education and Schooling

可可听力网 2011年06月09日 13:14:28

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      EducationandSchooling

      ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStates
      thatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.
      Nevertheless,
      ithasbeensaid
      thattodaychildreninterrupttheireducationtogotoschool.
      Thedistinctionbetweenschoolingandeducation
      impliedbythisremarkisimportant.
      Educationismuchmoreopen-endedandall-inclusivethanschooling.
      Educationknowsnobounds.
      Itcantakeplaceanywhere,
      whetherintheshoweroronthejob;
      whetherinakitchenoronatractor.
      Itincludesboththeformallearningthattakesplaceinschools
      andthewholeuniverseofinformallearning.
      Theagentsofeducationcanrangefromareveredgrandparent
      tothepeopledebatingpoliticsontheradio,
      fromachildtoadistinguishedscientist.
      Whereasschoolinghasacertainpredictability,
      educationquiteoftenproducessurprises.
      Achanceconversationwithastrangermayleadapersontodiscover
      howlittleheknowsofotherreligions.
      Peopleareengagedineducationfrominfancyon.
      Education, then, isaverybroad, inclusiveterm.
      Itisalifelongprocess,
      aprocessthatstartslongbeforethestartofschool,
      andonethatshouldbeanintegralpartofone’sentirelife.
      Schooling, ontheotherhand, isaspecific, formalizedprocess,
      whosegeneralpatternvarieslittlefromonesettingtothenext.
      Throughoutacountry,
      childrenarriveatschoolatapproximatelythesametime,
      takeassignedseats, aretaughtbyanadult,
      usesimilartextbooks, dohomework, takeexams, andsoon.
      Theslicesofrealitythataretobelearned,
      whethertheyarethealphabet
      oranunderstandingoftheworkingsofgovernment,
      haveusuallybeenlimitedbytheboundariesofthesubjectbeingtaught.
      Forexample,
      highschoolstudentsknow
      thattheyarenotlikelytofindoutintheirclasses
      thetruthaboutpoliticalproblemsintheircommunities
      orwhatthenewestfilmmakersareexperimentingwith.
      Therearedefiniteconditions
      surroundingtheformalizedprocessofschooling.